This is a timely article from Warwick Smith (research economist at the University of Melbourne) on the simplistic and misleading view that many in the public and the Parliament (and, alas, many economists) have of Government budgeting.
Managing Government finances is very different from managing a household Budget, and confusing the two approaches leads to poor public policy. The key differences include:
- Governments can compulsorily levy their income from taxpayers according to its needs, albeit that there may be some political pain and economic implications which may impose some limits
- Governments can (and do) print money (creating income out of nothing), with the only limits being balancing the inflation and exchange rate effects
- the need to balance budgets is a myth, which harks back to the days when currencies were backed by the gold standard